GEOGRAPHY? WHAT'S THAT? UNIT 8

• ALTERNATIVE ENERGY: source of energy that is still being developed.
• BIOMASS: organic material used as a fuel that releases energy when burned.
• CRAFTPERSON: a person who makes products using basic tools and manual labour.
• CUTTING-EDGE INDUSTRY: industry that employs advanced technology.
• DAM: barrier built across a river to create a body of water for a hydroelectric power station.
• ENERGY: power that comes from the utilization of physical or chemical resources to provide light and heat or to work machines.
• FOSSIL FUEL: fuel that is formed by the decomposition of buried organic material, and exposure to heat and pressure, producing substances such as coal, oil and gas.
• GUILD: a group of people that shared the same job and had its own hierarchy.
• HEAVY INDUSTRY: industry that makes goods that cannot be immediately consumed.
• INDUSTRY:  any economic activity that produces a service or transforms raw material into consumer goods.
• LIGHT INDUSTRY: industry that produces goods that are ready for consumption.
• MANAGEMENT: the people that run a company and ensure that goods and services of a high enough quality are produced and sold at competitive prices.
• MECHANIZATION: the use of machinery in the production process.
• MINERAL: a naturally occurring solid chemical substance such as bauxite.
• MINING:  the process of extracting minerals from the ground.
• NON-REWANABLE ENERGY: energy source that is limited.
• REWANABLE ENERGY: energy source that is inexhaustible.
• SOLAR PANEL: a device that convert solar energy from the sun into electricity by a chemical reaction inside it.
• TRADITIONAL ENERGY: energy source that is commonly used.
• WIND TURBINE: a device that converts kinetic energy from the wind into mechanical energy to drive machinery or generate electricity.
• WORKFORCE: the employees required to produce goods and services.

VOCAB, IDIOMS, EXPRESSIONS AND SO ON. UNIT 7

• To be on the right track = to think or do sth. that could benefit you = to be on fire (estar en racha).*
• To be as busy as a bee = to be a busy bee = to be very busy.
• To go under the knife = to have an operation.
• To be two-faced = to say nice things to the face, but bad ones behind the back.
• To be blue = to be sad.
• To be a grey area = to be shades of grey = to be no clear solution because there are no rules and it's hard to decide what is right and wrong.
• To be 'pie in the sky' = to be sth. unlikely to happen.
• To reinvent the wheel = to waste time trying to create sth. that  has already been made.

VOCAB, IDIOMS, EXPRESSIONS AND SO SO. UNIT 6

• To bandy = to throw around.
• Hockey puck = black disc used in ice hockey.
• Hake = 'merluza'.
• Herring = 'arenque'.
• Prawn = 'gamba'.
• Crayfish = 'langosta'.
• Cod = 'bacalao'.
• Mackerel = 'caballa'.
• Whiting = 'pescadilla'.

THE WET MOP

It was invented by Spanish aeronautical engineer Manuel Jalón Corominas (1925-2011) after he had returned from the United States and seen how women washed the floor.

Simple ones are made up of synthetic threads joined to a wooden stick .Though, it was firstly thought to clean warplanes’ frames, nowadays it is used to polish the floor and complete all housework chores.

MODERN TIMES by CHARLES CHAPLIN

Film analysis...